Hammer.



PATENTED SEPT. 1111907,

. K. HARFORD.'

HAMMER.

APPLIOATION FILED o0T.,19os.

W/TNESSES ,rnrnnr ersten,v

ALBERT KELLOGG HA RFORD,

or OAKLAND, cAmronNIAf HAMMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 10, 1907.

Application led October 6,1906. 'Serial No. 337,681.

Tonll 2lb/iam it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT Kantone Hxaronn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Hammer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

llie object of the invention is to provide a new and v improved hammer, having means driven by the iorceof an explosive mixture to permit the use of the tool on work which cannot readily be reached by pneumatic hammers and similar tools. l

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations o the same, which will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodimentpf the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part oi this speciflcatiomin which similar characters of ,roten ence indicate corresponding parts in all. the views.A

Figure l is a longitudinal central section of the improvement; Fig. 2 is an enlarged transversejsection of the same on the line 2420i Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse section o the means for controlling the admission valve, the section being on the line 3- oi Fig.

The barrel or casing A on which the hammer is mounted is provided atits forward end with a bearing A for the anvil B 'to slide in, the said bearing opening at one end into a tubular guide C, attached to the bear ing, and through which the part to be hammered is introduced, so as to be struck by the anvil B, which in turn receives successive blows from a hammer D attached to a pistonhE mounted to reciprocate in the hammer cylinder A2 formed in the barrel or casing A a jacent to and connected with the bearing A.

The barrel or casing A is provided next to the cylinder with an explosion cylinder in which reciprocates a piston E rigidly connected by a piston rod E2 with the piston E reciprocatiiigr in tlicvcylinder Af. By relerence to Fig. [t it will be seen'that the arca of the piston E is in excess of that oi the piston E.

1n the forward end oi the explosion cylinder A is arranged a spring-pressed valve F connected lwith a suitable source of explosive mixture supply, to charge the forward end oi` the cylinder A'J with the explosive mixture at the time the pistons E and E are on the return stroke. The same end ol the cylinder A3 is connected by a port a with a compression chamber A4 formed on the barrel or c sing A adjacent to the cylinder A3, and this port A is normally closed by a spring-pressed\valve G adapted to open when the pistons E and Enre on the forward stroke, so that the charge previously drawn into the cylinder A3 by way of the valve F is forced out of the cylinder by way of the valve G into the port a, to pass from the latter into the compressionchaniber;

The latter is connected by a port b with the rear end of i the cylinder' A12-and this port b is normally closed by a valve H actuated from a rod E" attached to and moving with the piston E. For the purpose mentioned the stem H of the valve .il extends into the chamber A" and is connected by ay pivot pin llu with the side arms I of a lever I ulcrumed on a pin J carried by a bracket J arranged within the chamber A". The side arms I of the lever I stradlde the rod E between shoulders E4, Ei formed on the rod E, and hence when the pistons E and E move vinto a rearmost position then the shoulder E5 in striking the lever I imparts a swinging motion to the same to move the valve H into an open position, so thatthe compressed charge in the chamber A4 can pass by way of the port b into the rear end o the cylinder A. When the pistons E and E move forward a short distance, then the shoulder E4 engages the lever l, to impart a swinging motion to the same with a view to move the valve 1I into a closed position, so as to disconnect the chamber A4 from the rear end of the cylinder A3. The valve Ll is locked in a closed position by a spring catch K attached to the bracket J and engaging a not-ch H3 formed in the valve stein H. Now the charge passed into the rear end oi the cylinder A3 is ignited by an igniting devicoprei`erably in the form of an electric igniting device L, the electrodes L of its secondary circuit L" extending into the rear end of the cylinder A3, as plainly indicated in Fig. l. The primary circuit Lii of the electric igniting-device L is provided with a circuit closer and breaker LJJ in the form ol a spring-pressed pin adapted to be actuated by a cam E formed on the rear end of the rod E3, so that when the piston E has moved forward a distance in the cyl- \inder A3 and the cam E lifts the pin L" after the valve ll is closed, then the circuit L3 is closed and consoquently a spark is had at the electrode L" to ignite the charge contained in the rear end of the cylinder A3, to push the piston E forward to the end of its`stroke. N ow this forward movement of the piston E causes a like movement ol the piston E, so that -the hammer D strikes the anvil B, thereby exerting a blow on the anvil 15, which is transmitted to the part to behammered.

From the l'oregoing it will be seen that the piston E is primarily moved by the compressed charge and after the latter is ignited the piston is forced outward by the force of the explosion, to cause the hammer D to give la powerful blow to the anvil B and the part. to be vhammered.

The return movement of the pistons E and E is caused by lthe force of the exhaust gases, and for this purpose the rear. cud of the cylinder A;s is connected with the forward end oi the cylinder A2 by a port c, from which leads an exhaust port d to the atmosphere. 'lheport c adjacent to the cylinder A3 is controlled by a valve N, and the exhaust port d is-controlled by a valve f l,and the valves N and N are connectedwith each lother by a valve stem N 2, and the valve N is adapted to be movcti int'o a closed position by the piston E at the time the latter-moves to theend of its forwardv stroke. A rctnrri movement is given to the valves N and N by the piston E at the time the latter returns-to the cud of its rearmost stroke Now when the several parts are in the-position showt inliig. 1 it is evident that the piston E is free to movdeio'rward in the cylinder A, as the latter connects with the atmosphere by way ol' the ports c and rl, the valve N then being inan open position andthe valve N in a closedfposition. After the explosion has taken place in theeylinder Ail-and the pistons E and E, have moved forward to nearly the end of their stroke, then the piston E engages the valve N and moves the same forward so as to close the port d to avoid compression in this cylinder.

and cause the lvalve N to op'en to allow the exhaust gases in the rear end of the cylinder A3 to pass by way of the 'port c into the .forward end of the cylinder A2, to press against the piston E so as to return the same to its rearmost position andwitli it tlie piston E. Now when the'y piston E moves into its rearmost position it shifts thevalve N into an openposition and the valve N into a' closed position. in order to relieve the chamber A* of any excessivepressurc a relief valve O is provided, asi'ndicated in Fig. i'. The rear end oi the hammer cylinder A2 is provided with a port c to the atmosphere,

The rear end. of the barrel or casinir A is preferably provided witha handleA5 under the control oi the opcrater, to Conveniently manipulate the tool so as to properly engage the same with the work to'be treated. al? the time. 1

ln order to start the device', use is made o f a rod inserted through an 'opening A in the handle and threaded into the end lof the cam Eu lor moving the latter, and cousequcntlythe rod l and the pistons E and E, forward and backward until the desired explosive charge is had in the cylinder A3.: f

v Fronr the foregoing it will be seen that an. eicplosion 'devicel is used to impart a reciprocating motion to the hammer D, tocause lthe latter to give blows in rapid succession upon the anvil ll engaged with the work at.

' the time.

I .shown in`Fig. 3 the lowcrcnds of'the side arms I areV mounted to slide on a rodI2 on which are coiled .springsA v The lever I is provided ywithspring-pressed side arms to allow the rod E to' pass between the said side arms I alter the shoulder E'lhas imparted thedcsired swingingl motion tothe lever l, and at the'tiine the pistons E and VE `are moving to the ends of their outer stroke. As

I3 pressing4 the side arms If'towards each other, similar springs Jl2 being mounted on the-pivot J for the same purpose,lthat is, to hold] the side arms l normally in ,enf Igagement with the reduced portion of the rod E extending between the'shoulders E* and E5, said springs 15,?, however, allowing theside arms i to move apart after thegshoulder E* .has given the desired swinging. motion to the lever I, so' that the rear'end oi thevrod E'u` cansiide between the side arms I nntillthe pistons E and E'are at the end oi their forward stroke.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as newv i and desire to secure by LettersPatent:A

1 v 1. A hummer comprising/cn barrel open ut one end for the introduction of the p/,ai'tio bifstruck. sniil barrel lixivim; nn iiitplosion cylinder sind :i linnnncr hond cylinder, connected pistons in solid cyiinders, n hammer heini connected with the piston ln the hammerV head cylinder, an explosion device flor imparting movement to one ol' the pistons whereby to drive lthem in one direction, and means whereby to cause the exhaust gases to act on the other piston to drive the pistons lnthe opposite direction.

2. A hammer comprising a barrel open nt'one end for the introduction of the part to be struck, an anvil movablev in the said barrel, n hammer head tor striking the said nnvll, und an explosion device for importing a reclprocnt-l ing motion to the said hummer head,

3. A hammer comprising d burrel open at one end lorA the introduction of the pari: to be struck. an anvil movnhle in the snld barrel, a hammer head for striking the said anVlLsnd un explosion device for impar-tinge reciprocating motion to the said hnnnnsr head und arranged in the borrel, said hammer head being adapted to be actuatedv in one direction by the force of an explosion, and to be returned by the force of the exhaust gases. v

i. A hnmmer, comprising n barrel open at one end for the passage of the pnrt to be struck, the said barrel having n compression chamber, an explosion cylinder and a hamn'ier head cylinder-,connected pistons in the said cylinders,

'n hummer head carried hy one ot the pistons, an anvil.

arranged in the open end of'the barrel and adopted to be Astruck by the said hammer hea'd, a valve controlled by the sold pistons and controlling the connection between .thel saldcoipression chamber and the said/,explosion lchamber. und an' lgniting device for the said explosion clnunber.

.'y. .illuminer comprising a barrel open at one end for the pnsszige'of the part to be struck, the snid barrel having n compression chamber, an explosion cylinder und n ham mer head cylinder, connected pistons in the said cyilndersv n hummer head carried by one of the pistons, an anvil nrrzinged in the open end of the barrel and yadapted to be struck by the said hammerl head, a, valve controlled by "the snid pistons and controlling' the connection between the said compression chamber Yand the said explosion chamber', nn'lgnltlng device for the said explosion' chamber,

-nnd means for controlling the lsaid 'lgniting'device from the suid pistons.

il; 'A hammer comprising:Y n barrel open at one end `tor the passage of the part to be struck, the suid barrel having n compression chamber, un explosion cylinder` and a hammerhcud cylinder, connected pistons in' the said cylinders,

'a hammer head carried by one of the plstonsnain anvil nrranged in the open end of thebiirrel and ndaptedto be struck by the said humilier head,' u' valve controlled b vthe suld pistons und controlliugthe connection between the suld compression chamber `und the said cxplil'slon elnimber.un lmilting-devl e for thes'nld explosion chamber, nml connected valves controlled by the siiid pistons and controlling the connection between the siild cylinders und between the hammer hcn'd cylinder and th iitmmiphel-e. v

7. A hnmmeron'iprlsing s barrel open .at one end for the passage o'f the part tu be struck, the said lmrrei bovine n compression chambcnfnn explosion cylinder and u imm liner head cylinder", connected pistons in the suld cylinders.

n hammer iiend carried by one ot the pistons, un anvil urrunged in the open end ofthe barrel und uditptcd to be struck by the Asaid hammer hond, n valve conti-oiled by the?, said pistons and controlling the connection between the snidcompresionchumber and the sa'id explosion chamber. nn lgnitlni: device torthe suld explosion chamber, nud-n vnlved connection betweemthe forward end oflhs explosion cylinder and the snld'compressiou chamber.

8.,A hummer comprising a borrel open :il one end for the passage of the puri'. to he struck, the snlil barrel linvim.: n compression chamber, an explosion cylinder nini n honi- 4mer head cylinder, connected pistons in the sold cylinders,

Vpression chamber, n rod moving with the sold pistons und having spaced shoulders, und a lever controlled by thc snid shoulders and connected with the stem of the sold vulve to open nud chine the hitter.

il. A hammer comprising n barrel open at one end for the passage of the piirt to be siruck, the said bnrrei having a compression chamber, an explosion cylinder and a hammer head cylinder', connected pistons in the said cylindc` s a hammer head carried hy one of the pistons, :in anvil nrranged in the open end of the harraland adapted to be struck by the said humilier head, a valve eontrollim,y a con nection between the explosion cylinder and the compres sion chamber, a rod moving with the said pistons and having spaced shoulders, and a lever controlled by the said shoulders and connected with the stem of the said valve to open and close the latter, the said lever having: spring pressed side members between whichpasses the said rod.

10. A hammer comprising a barrel open at one end for the passage of the part to be struck, the said barrel having n compression chamber, an explosion cylinder and a hammer head cylinder, connected pistons in the said cylinders. thc piston in the said hammer head cylinder being ot' arca than the piston in the explosion cylinder, a hummer hcnd carried by one of the pistons, an anvil arranged in the open end of the barrel and adapted to be strot-k by the said hammer head, a valve controlled by the said pistons and controlling,r the connection between the said compre sion chamber and the said explosion chamber, an igniting device' for the said explosion chamber, and connected valves controlled by the said pistons and con trolling: the connection between the said cylinders and hetween the hammer head cylinder' and the atmosphere.

11. A hammer comprisingr a barrel open a1 one end for the introduction of the part to be struck, said barrel having an explosion cylinder und a hammer head cylinder, said hammer head cylinder being of greater diameter' than the explosion cylinder, pistons in each of said cylinders, said pistons being connected together, a hammer head connected with the piston of greater diameter, an explosiorrdevice for imparting movement to the piston ln the explosion cylinder whereby to drive the pistons in one dircction, and means whereby to cause the exhaust gases to :ict upon the piston of larger diameter to move the pis tous in the opposite direction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this spin-intuition in the presence o1' two subscribing` witnesses.

ALBERT KELLOGG lIAltFORli.

Witnesses An'rnon l. Asnnnsnx, War/riait lL ViomeiL 

